Relationship of bioelemental status and changes in the functional state of the lungs in EMERCOM firefighters of Russia

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Firefighters are characterized by constant interaction with smoke and various combustion products, which, entering the body can, affect the state of the respiratory system. AIM: To study the relationship of the bioelemental status with alterations in the functional state of the lungs in firefighters of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia. METHODS: The work analyzed the data of 97 people from the territorial fire departments of the city of Saint Petersburg, directly involved in firefighting. The firefighters underwent a comprehensive medical examination, including an assessment of the bioelemental status in hair samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. RESULTS: As a result of the study, an increase in the content of toxic trace elements in firefighters was revealed in comparison with persons who did not participate in extinguishing the fire. Against the background of an increase in toxic trace elements, there was a decrease in vital ones. The relationship between the concentration of toxic trace elements and the state of the bronchopulmonary system in firefighters was revealed. The interrelation of the concentration of aluminum, silver and cadmium with a decrease in the diffusion capacity of the lungs, broncho obstructive changes and pulmonary fibrosis is shown. A significant increase in the content of silver was found in firefighters with broncho-obstructive changes compared to those with normal bronchial conduction. CONCLUSION: The study illustrated the relationship between the levels of silver, aluminum, and cadmium and development of functional changes in the lungs..