Haloperidol-induced experimental osteoporosis and its correction with dimephosphone

Abstract

BACKGROUND: There are reports of the negative impact of neuroleptics long-term use on bone metabolism. Dimephosphone is a drug with proven antirachitic effect. AIM: To study under experimental conditions the effect of haloperidol on the microelement composition of the bone of experimental rats and the possibilities of its correction with dimephosphone. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Wistar rats were divided into groups (10 animals in each): the first was the control group; the second group consisted of animals that were administered haloperidol; the third group used haloperidol with dimephosphone. Rats of the second and third groups were administered haloperidol intraperitoneally for 90 days, starting with 15 mg/day and reducing the dose to 5 mg/day. Rats of the third group were administered orally a 15% dimephosphone solution at a dose of 208 mg/kg/day. After the animals were withdrawn from the experiment, the lumbar vertebrae were dissected and the teeth were removed. The content of calcium, magnesium, strontium, zinc and copper ions in bone and teeth was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Statistical processing was performed using the SPSS 13.0 program. RESULTS: Long-term use of therapeutic doses of haloperidol in the experiment caused a decrease in the content of calcium and zinc ions by 1.5 times, copper — by 1.7 times in the bones of animals, an increase in the concentration of strontium ions by 1.1 times, which indicated the resorptive effect of the neuroleptic. With the combined use of haloperidol and dimephosphone, the content of calcium ions (by 1.2 times), copper (by 1.4 times) and zinc ions (by 1.1 times) significantly increased; the amount of strontium ions decreased (by 1.1 times) only in bone tissue. CONCLUSION: Dimephosphone reduces the negative effect of long-term haloperidol administration on the microelement composition of rat bones.