Effectiveness of preventive measures for increased abrasion of hard dental tissues and its complications in young people involved in athletic gymnastics

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Currently, there is an increased interest of young people in fitness, strength sports, as well as a desire to be in excellent physical shape. However, the influence of amateur sports loads using large weights on the condition of the dental system of young people has been little studied. AIM: The article analyzes the effectiveness of combined treatment, using an occlusive splint, of dental disorders in young people engaged in athletic gymnastics. The results of the study showed that the proposed method, which prevents the progressive auto-destruction of hard dental tissues in young men, improves the condition of periodontal tissues, primarily the gums, as well as the functional parameters of the temporomandibular joint dysfunction and masticatory muscles. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All the examined patients were divided into two groups. The observation group included 62 young men who regularly engage in athletic gymnastics, of which 31 people used individual occlusal tires during training (patent No. 188470 of April 15, 2019) and 31 people who continued sports training without tires. Research methods, tools used, equipment. In the course of the study, inspection, probing, and evaluation were performed according to the criteria of the KPU and KPUp indices, the Green-Vermillion hygiene Index (1964), and increased erasability was evaluated using the Smith-Knight index (1984), also used the enamel resistance test according to the method of V.R. Okushko, L.I. Kosareva, and I.K. Lutskaya (1984), the papillary-marginal alveolar indices in the Parma modification (1960) and the complex periodontal index according to P.A. Leus (1988), and the morpho-functional diagnosis of the temporomandibular joint using the Lira-100 device (NMBT Group, Russia). Methods of research-surface electromyography on the Synapse device (Neurotech, Russia), odontometry (caliper ADA Mechanic 150, China). RESULTS: The study showed that the activities of young men in gyms with large weights contribute to the development of a number of dental disorders. СONCLUSION: The inclusion of an occlusive splint used by young people during sports activities in the complex of therapeutic and preventive measures contributes to the positive dynamics of the state of dental status.