Errors in the diagnosis of intraepithelial lesions and cervical cancer and modern opportunities to improve the quality of primary screening

Abstract

The high prevalence of precancerous pathologies and cervical cancer indicates their relevance. Cervical cancer ranks fourth among the causes of mortality of women with cancer worldwide and second in women aged 15–44 years. According to the World Health Organization, approximately 500 thousand new cases of cervical cancer are diagnosed annually worldwide. In Russia, more than 15 thousand new cases are registered annually, and nearly half of them (47.8%) end in death. The increase in the frequency of advanced stages and the increase in mortality among women of reproductive age are of particular concern. According to statistical data from the oncology database of the Moscow Hertzen Cancer Research Institute, the incidence of cervical cancer over 10 years increased by 2.12% annually. This article presents the results of the statistical analysis of data for assessing the incidence of precancer pathologies and cervical cancer and discusses trends in the spread and juvenation of this pathology as well as its causes. The results of the analysis of errors in diagnosing intraepithelial lesions and modern possibilities for its optimization are also presented.