The spectrum of vital activity restrictions in disabled people due to thyroid cancer

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The most common malignant neoplasm of the endocrine system is thyroid cancer. In Russia, as in other countries of the world, the incidence rate is steadily increasing. Thus, it is extremely important to assess the problem of health disorders due to thyroid cancer within the framework of socially significant disability caused by malignant neoplasms in the Russian Federation. AIMS: To analyze the spectrum of types and degree of disability in people with disabilities due to thyroid cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The article presents the results of the analysis of the spectrum of the main types of disability in the general contingent of disabled people due to thyroid cancer among the adult population of Moscow (20152019). RESULTS: The dynamics of disability both in the contingent of first recognized and in the contingent of re-recognized disabled people (VPI and PPI) was characterized by an increase in the number of disabled people and the transformation of the structure of general disability. There is a clear change in the ratio towards an increase in the share of PPI from 55.1% in 2015. up to 68.0% in 2019, while the share of VPI decreased from 44.9% in 2015 to 32.0% in 2019. The predominant gender cohort was women, and the age category was the elderly. The main types of life restrictions were the restriction of the ability to self-serve (98.6% of the VPI and 97.9% of the PPI), to work (94.7% of the VPI and 94.6% of the PPI) and to move (21.3% of the VPI, 21.8% of the PPI). A low proportion of restrictions on the ability to control ones behavior, learning, communication and orientation was revealed (0.31.2%). The first degree of disability prevailed in the contingents of VPI and PPI (p 0.0001). In the contingent of men, the proportion of disabled people with the third degree of disability was higher compared to the contingent of women. CONCLUSION: Dynamic assessment of the degree of severity of functional disorders and associated life restrictions should be carried out at all stages of medical and social rehabilitation in order to monitor the effectiveness of medical and rehabilitation measures, assess the quality of life and prevent progression (secondary prevention of disability).