Current guidelines for β-adrenoblockers use in cardiovascular diseases: focus on metoprolol succinate CR/XL: A review

Abstract

The objective of this review was to systematize current data on the -adrenoblockers (-ABs) used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and to analyze the results of studies performed with a focus on metoprolol succinate controlled release/extended release (CR/XL) formulation. The article addresses issues related to pharmacological features of metoprolol succinate CR/XL, the use of -AB in arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, chronic heart failure, and cardiac arrhythmias based on international and Russian clinical guidelines. Results of randomized clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of metoprolol succinate CR/XL are presented. In preparing the literature review, a review of publications over the past 34 years in the MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, eLIBRARY, and Google Scholar databases was performed. The presented data indicate the need for more extensive use of -ABs, including metoprolol succinate CR/XL, in clinical practice.