Analysis of the incidence of lung cancer in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Justification of the Introduction of innovative methods of early diagnosis

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer occupies a leading position in the overall structure of cancer incidence in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Despite the positive results of the introduction of low-dose computed tomography and the current epidemiological situation caused by the new coronavirus infection COVID-19, there remains the potential to increase the detection and implementation of modern methods for the diagnosis of lung cancer. AIM: The aim of the study was to study the incidence of lung cancer in the Krasnoyarsk Territory over the past 2012–2021 years, to build a forecast until 2030 and to search for leads in the diagnosis of this disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The data of the regional cancer register and the data of the Territorial Body of the Federal State Statistics Service for the Krasnoyarsk Territory were used as a source of information. We calculated the intensive indicator of lung cancer incidence in the territory of the region and predicted the incidence until 2030, using Microsoft Excel. RESULTS: Thus, the incidence of lung cancer in the Krasnoyarsk Territory increased by 4.6%, while the female incidence increased by 31.6% and the male incidence decreased by 2.7%. Incidence rates in the region exceed those typical for the city of Krasnoyarsk for the entire period of observation. The increase in incidence in the region for the period 2012–2021 was 4.3%, and in the city — 3.1%. The male population of the region, unlike Krasnoyarsk, is characterized by a slight increase in incidence. Female morbidity increased both in the region and in the city by 23.9% and 43.3%, respectively, during the observation period. The incidence of lung cancer in the region by 2030 may amount to 54.9 per 100 thousand population and in Krasnoyarsk — 41.0 per 100 thousand population. The absence of COVID-19 would provide a higher accuracy of the forecast — 66.9 and 43.8 per 100 thousand population, respectively. CONCLUSION: Thus, over the past 10 years, an increase in lung cancer cases has been registered in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The article provides examples of modern methods of screening and diagnosis of lung cancer, including the use of aptamers. The presented data indicates the need to improve approaches in detecting lung cancer and monitoring the effectiveness of antitumor therapy using innovative approaches.