Development and confirmation of the biological safety of hygiene products for the care of facial prostheses

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Currently, several patients with dental problems continue to suffer from various defects in the maxillofacial region. Therefore, the methods and techniques of orthopedic replacement for these defects, both as a standalone treatment and within a comprehensive interdisciplinary approach, must be enhanced. The nature of hygienic care and the means used play an important role in increasing the service life of facial epitheses. Literary sources have shown insufficient research in this area. Domestic and foreign literature is generally devoted to methods and means of hygiene for removable dentures. Moreover, the features of structural materials and methods of fixing facial epitheses require the search for other approaches to hygienic care. AIM: To develop hygiene products for facial epitheses and to substantiate their toxicological safety. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The care of maxillofacial prostheses using sprays and foams was proposed. To study their cytotoxicity, samples were prepared from photopolymer material for facial prostheses. The samples were treated with spray, foam, or their combination. To test the cytotoxic properties, a primary cell culture of stromal cells isolated from a biopsy of the mucosa of the alveolar process of the mandible was used. The viability of cells and efficiency of the colonization of samples were evaluated after 48 h using culture staining and colorimetric XTT. RESULTS: Intravital monitoring of stromal cells, extracted from a biopsy of the mucosal lining of the alveolar process in the lower jaw, revealed sustained direct interaction between the cells and the samples, with no signs of necrosis or apoptosis. When staining samples with fixed cells, no red glow of the nuclei of dead cells was detected. The distribution of living cells was uniform in group 4 and less uniform in group 1. The optical density of the medium in each well was significantly different between the groups (p 0.05). CONCLUSION: The proposed hygienic compositions for the care of facial prostheses using sprays and foams do not have toxic properties and can be implemented in clinical practice.