Androgenic alopecia in men: the significance of genetic, hormonal and metabolic factors (prospective cohort comparative study)

Abstract

BACKGROUND: diagnosis and treatment of androgenetic alopecia in male patients is a topical issue in modern dermatology, this is due to the high prevalence of this disease in the population, the complexity of the therapy. In most cases, the pathogenesis of this disease is associated with genetic factors, not paying attention to the totality of non-genetic factors that affect the occurrence and development of this disease in male patients. AIM: to study the pathogenetic mechanisms of the occurrence and development of androgenic alopecia in men on the basis of a comprehensive account of genetic, hormonal and metabolic factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Genetic predisposition to androgenic alopecia in male patients was evaluated by the method of minisequencing, evaluation of nongenetic factors ― using validated evaluation methods. Further finalizing of the research results was carried out using a neural network and step-by-step linear discriminate analysis. RESULTS: The study included 50 male patients with a verified diagnosis of Androgenic alopecia, stages of the disease from I to IV on the Norwood-Hamilton scale, and 25 volunteers corresponding by age and nationality. The study of nucleotide polymorphisms made it possible to assess the potentially low and high level of genetic risk of this disease. The initial zinc level turned out to be significant for assessing the prognosis of the effectiveness of disease therapy. Mono- or polydeficiency of zinc, copper, magnesium, selenium, vitamins D, B12, E, folic acid play a significant role in the occurrence and development of the disease. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the study show the different role of genetic and non-genetic factors in the occurrence and development of androgenic alopecia in male patients.