Assessment of the incidence of uterine cancer in the Chechen Republic

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Malignant reproductive system neoplasms are an important medical and socio-economic problem. Therefore, it is important to study the natural history of gynecological oncopathology. AIM: to assess the incidence of uterine cancer (UC) in the Chechen Republic (CR) and perform a comparative analysis of oncological care in the North Caucasian Federal District (NCFD) and Russia as a whole. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied patients with UC from 2014 to 2020. The morbidity rates, patients under medical observation, pathological confirmation of the diagnosis, disease stages, mortality, and treatment were assessed. The research methods included examination of documents, data copying, statistical analysis and graphic representations. RESULTS: The incidence of UC in Russia is growing, currently the crude rate of 28.79%, and standardized rate of 15.13% with an average annual growth rate of 2.49 and 1.40%, respectively (the difference is statistically significant). In the CR, the proportion of patients in whom UC was detected at stage I was less, and at the second stage, the detection rate was higher than the rates in the NCFD and in Russia. However, in the CR, the proportion of patients with UC diagnosed at stage III is 2.3 times higher than in the district and in Russia. Mortality in the first year after diagnosis in the CR was 6.5% (in Russia it was 7.6%, in the NCFD 6.8%). In the CR, compared to NCFD and Russia, there were lower rates of actively detected patients with UC, of patients who registered with dispensaries for 5 years or more, and of patients who completed treatment in the year the disease was detected. CONCLUSION: The results of comparative assessment of the incidence of UC in the CR region, the NCFD, and Russia should be used to determine priority areas for diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation measures, taking into account regional characteristics. It is extremely important to monitor risk factors and implement preventive programs in this priority area of public health.