Morphometric and functional features in children with pseudophakic myopia after congenital cataract extraction in infancy

Abstract

AIM: To investigate the morphometric parameters of the macular zone in children with pseudophakia and different refractive states after congenital cataract extraction in infancy and their correlations with vision parameters. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty children (49 eyes) who underwent bilateral cataract surgery with primary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation, with a median age at surgery of 7.942.70 (212) months, were identified. These children were divided into two groups: group 1 with target refraction (n=18, 21 eyes) and group 2 with pseudophakic myopia (n=14,28 eyes). All patients were examined with the Nidek RS-3000 Advance two optical coherence tomography. RESULTS: A significant reduction was found in the morphometric parameters in group 2 relative to that in group 1: foveal thickness (253.1127.84 and 266.4221.52 m), average inner macula thickness (307.6430.9 and 330.1428.29 m) and average outer macula thickness (281.1722.51 and 298.7828.23 m), central choroidal thickness (221.8779.04 and 311.9468.38 m), macular volume (7.990.71 and 8.760.49 mm3), and foveal volume (0.190.02 и 0,210.02 mm3). This can be due to axial elongation (24.722.18 and 21.281.55 mm). The correlation between the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and macular volume was moderate in pseudophakic children (r=0.418; p 0.01). CONCLUSION: The data indicate an impairment of the macular zone formation in children with pseudophakic myopia which to a certain extent can explain the decrease in functional prognosis.