Morbidity, mortality, reliability of accounting, survival of patients with malignant neoplasms (ZNO) in Russia. The impact of the SARS-CoV-2-betacoronavirus coronavirus epidemic (population study at the federal district level)

Abstract

Since the second half of the twentieth century, active events have been held in our country and around the world to study the prevalence of cancer, form specialized medical institutions to provide necessary help to cancer patients. Over the following decades, a steady increase in the number of primary patients was observed, and a gradual decrease in mortality was observed, associated with the successes of anti-cancer measures. The outbreak of pneumonia in December 2019, caused by the seventh newly discovered SARS-CoV-2-beta coronavirus, quickly spread to all continents. At the first stage of the pandemic, panic was observed, outpatient and even specialized hospitals were closed. This had a significant impact on the organization of oncological services, in particular on the incidence, mortality of the population and the survival of cancer patients. The aim of the study was to determine the impact of the newly emerged virus on the organizational problems of the oncological service, primarily on the incidence, mortality of the population and the survival of cancer patients. Materials and methods data of state reporting, data of the Federal State Statistics Service on the deceased, database of cancer registries of St. Petersburg and the South-West Federal District of the Russian Federation. The results of the study showed the need for a thorough study of the problems of the development of cancer registries, determined the negative impact of the pandemic on the incidence of cancer, identified the maximum damage by localization, age groups and administrative territories of Russia. It was found that in general, the country had an undercount of about 100,000 cancer patients, and the quality of primary registration decreased by 13%. The greatest damage to the primary patients was caused to the elderly and elderly, especially in localities with a low mortality rate. A stable increase in one-year and five-year survival of cancer patients was revealed, as well as a negative (by 6%) decrease in one-year survival from 2019 to 2020. More complex conditions for maintaining databases for rural populations were identified.