A study of the electrolyte composition of the oral fluid of children, living in areas with a low content of iodine and fluorine in environmental objects

Abstract

Studies have been carried out on 166 children of three age groups (6,9 and 12 years) with carious lesions of the teeth of different intensity who have been living since birth in areas with а deficiency of essential macro-and microelements,in particular, fluorine and iodine in environmental objects. The oral fluid of 46 healthy children of the appropriate age, served as control without pathological changes of the hard tissues of the teeth. The results of our research have demonstrated a significant decrease (p<0,05) of the concentrations of calcium and inorganic phosphorus in the oral fluid of pupils in case of dental carious lesions compared with healthy children, respectively by 20,87 % and 13,13 %. The lowest values of investigated parameters were observed in children of all age groups with the dental carious process of the third degree of activity. A reduction of the levels of calcium and inorganic phosphorus is an evidence of abated processes of mineralization, which contributes to the onset and progression of a carious lesion of the teeth. A study of the electrolyte composition of the oral fluid in this cohort of children may serve for determining risk groups, an early diagnosis, a timely treatment and prevention of a carious lesion of the teeth.