MODERN METHOD OF SARS-CоV-2 COMBAT

Abstract

Relevance: COVID-19 is the accepted name for an acute respiratory disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. The suddenness, speed of spread, severity, and high lethality of COVID-19 have led many of the drugs used in the early stages of a pandemic to be based on emergency clinical observations rather than preclinical and clinical studies. Therefore, there is no doubt the relevance of systematizing effective therapeutic agents that prevent the severe course of a COVID-19 infection and reduce mortality, the creation of which is based on fundamental knowledge not only of the biology of the virus, but also of the patient’s response, which requires large-scale studies of pathogenesis and the study of predictors of a possible transition of the disease to severe and even the terminal phase. Objective: A structured description of currently accepted medicines, vaccines, and approaches for the treatment of COVID-19. Material and methods: a search was conducted in the PubMed database and the scientific electronic library eLIBRARY.RU. The selection of articles was carried out manually. This review includes 69 sources, including methodological recommendations of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation and data from ongoing clinical trials. Results: medicines, vaccines and approaches to the treatment of COVID-19, currently adopted in different countries, are systematized, indicating the effectiveness and mechanisms of their action, as well as identified side effects that limit their use in certain groups of patients.