New generation osteoprotectors as a means of restoring bone tissue against the background of vitamin D deficiency

Abstract

The level of vitamin D in human blood plays a significant role in the pathogenesis and treatment of diseases of the musculoskeletal system. In conditions of cholecalciferol deficiency, up to 10–15% of exogenous calcium and up to 60% of phosphorus are absorbed in the body; with an optimal vitamin D content, calcium absorption increases to 30–40%, and phosphorus – up to 80%. To date, new generation osteoprotectors Osteo-Vit D3, Osteomed and Osteomed Forte are presented on the Russian market, which, in addition to the main components, include a preventive dose of vitamin D. Objective. To study is to summarize the literature data describing the mechanism of action of the main components of new generation osteoprotectors, as well as the results of clinical studies on the use of osteoprotectors with vitamin D3 fortifier in case of damage to the musculoskeletal system. Materials and methods. For the review, studies for 2009–2022 in Russian and English in the electronic databases eLibrary, PubMed, Medscape, CyberLeninka were selected. Results. Vitamin D participates in the processes of bone tissue remodeling, affecting osteosynthesis directly and indirectly. Direct action is carried out through receptors located intracellularly in chondrocytes, osteoblasts, osteocytes and osteoclasts. Vitamin D increases the functional activity of osteoblasts and the migration of osteoclasts to the resorption site. The indirect effect is through stimulation of calcium and phosphorus absorption in the small intestine. When using a new generation of osteoprotectors with vitamin D3 fortifier, positive results were described in the treatment and prevention of pathological conditions of the musculoskeletal system. Conclusion. In order to prevent vitamin D deficiency, the deposition of calcium salts outside the foci of osteosynthesis, prevent repeated fractures, accelerate the formation of calluses, it is necessary to popularize the diagnosis of vitamin D deficiency, as well as to use modern drugs to replenish and prevent its deficiency.