Influence of negative labor factors on the occurrence and development of professional burnout among anesthesiologists-resuscitators

Abstract

Relevance. Professional activity of specialists in many industries in modern society takes place in difficult conditions. Anesthesiologists-resuscitators are subject to significant adverse effects of physical, chemical, biological, psychophysiological and psychological nature. Therefore, the risks of stress, as well as professional burnout and mental maladjustment increase, leading to decreased effectiveness and quality of professional activities, to adverse changes in personality, deterioration of health, relationships with colleagues, patients, relatives.Intention. To identify the impact of negative labor factors on the occurrence and development of professional burnout among anesthesiologists-resuscitators.Methodology. 95 anesthesiologists-resuscitators from the Arkhangelsk region took part in the study. Research methods: questionnaires, psychological testing, mathematical and statistical processing of empirical data.Results and Discussion. 65.3 % of anesthesiologists-resuscitators demonstrated psychological components of professional burnout syndrome, namely emotional exhaustion, increased fatigue, dissatisfaction with their professional activities and their results, as well as emerging health problems and general maladjustment. 76.6 % of the surveyed consider their professional activity as extreme. According to anesthesiologists-resuscitators, the most frequent negative factors of the labor process are psychophysiological and psychological ones (high responsibility, unexpectedness, lack of time, suffering and grief of other people, high loads). Anesthesiologists-resuscitators with most frequent occurrence and negative impact of psychophysiological and psychological factors, in comparison with other factors, have higher rates of organizational stress, psychological determinants of professional burnout and maladaptation disorders. Anesthesiologists-resuscitators with most frequent occurrence and negative impact of physical, chemical and biological factors, in comparison with psychophysiological and psychological ones, have less intensive professional burnout and organizational stress. They benefit from better communication skills, behavioral regulation and normative social behavior.Conclusion. The pronounced relationships between the psychological determinants of professional burnout (emotional exhaustion, work stress, health disorders and general maladjustment) and the psychophysiological and psychological factors of the labor process of anesthesiologists-resuscitators show the constructive and diagnostic validity of the study. Most correlations were found with such factors of professional activity, as novelty and strangeness, lack of time, unexpectedness of complex professional situations, ambiguity, uncertainty of these situations, observed and perceived violation of public order, which led to severe injuries in victims, the great significance of events and understanding of personal involvement.