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2. Association of American Medical Colleges. 2021 FACTS: Enrollment, Graduates, and MD-PhD Data. https://www.aamc.org/data-reports/students-residents/interactive-data/2020-facts-enrollment-graduates-and-md-phd-data Accessed January 25, 2022
3. Association of American Medical Colleges. National MD-PhD Outcomes Study. https://store.aamc.org/downloadable/download/sample/sample_id/162/ Accessed January 25, 2022
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5. Gaps between college and starting an MD-PhD program are adding years to physician-scientist training time;Brass;JCI Insight,2021