The influence of various methods of protection of the winter wheat variety Svarog against the development of fungal diseases

Abstract

Aim. To study the influence of various methods of protecting winter wheat of the Svarog variety against the development of fungal diseases in the conditions of the central zone of Krasnodar Territory.Material and Methods. The studies were carried out in 2018–2021 on winter wheat of the Svarog variety in the conditions of the field station of the FRCBPP. The climate of the 2018–2019 and 2020–2021 growing seasons was favourable for plant growth and development of phytopathogens. The 2019–2020 season was characterised by a lack of moisture and spring frosts. The experiment provided for three methods of protection – biological, integrated and chemical. A control (without processing) was also provided.Results. The effectiveness of the biological protection system against Fusarium root rot was 33.9%, against leaf septoria 52.2% and against yellow spot 43.5%. The biological effectiveness of the integrated protection system against these diseases was 54.7%, 72.5% and 52.2%, respectively, while effectiveness of chemical protection was 54.9%, 82.6% and 63.5%, respectively. The increase in grain yield compared to the control (i.e. without treatment) was: when using a biological protection system 9.3%; integrated; 11.6%; and chemical 16.5%. The level of profitability at the same time amounted to 117.9%, 107.3% and 101.0%, respectively.Conclusion. The use of biological protection of winter wheat variety Svarog is effective and can be recommended for production practice in order to reduce the pesticide load on the agrocenosis.