Meromorphic integrability of the Hamiltonian systems with homogeneous potentials of degree -4

Abstract

<p style='text-indent:20px;'>We characterize the meromorphic Liouville integrability of the Hamiltonian systems with Hamiltonian <inline-formula><tex-math id="M2">\begin{document}$ H = \left(p_1^2+p_2^2\right)/2+1/P(q_1, q_2) $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>, being <inline-formula><tex-math id="M3">\begin{document}$ P(q_1, q_2) $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> a homogeneous polynomial of degree <inline-formula><tex-math id="M4">\begin{document}$ 4 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> of one of the following forms <inline-formula><tex-math id="M5">\begin{document}$ \pm q_1^4 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><tex-math id="M6">\begin{document}$ 4q_1^3q_2 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><tex-math id="M7">\begin{document}$ \pm 6q_1^2q_2^2 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><tex-math id="M8">\begin{document}$ \pm \left(q_1^2+q_2^2\right)^2 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><tex-math id="M9">\begin{document}$ \pm q_2^2\left(6q_1^2-q_2^2\right) $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><tex-math id="M10">\begin{document}$ \pm q_2^2\left(6q_1^2+q_2^2\right) $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><tex-math id="M11">\begin{document}$ q_1^4+6\mu q_1^2q_2^2-q_2^4 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><tex-math id="M12">\begin{document}$ -q_1^4+6\mu q_1^2q_2^2+q_2^4 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> with <inline-formula><tex-math id="M13">\begin{document}$ \mu&gt;-1/3 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><tex-math id="M14">\begin{document}$ \mu\neq 1/3 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>, and <inline-formula><tex-math id="M15">\begin{document}$ q_1^4+6\mu q_1^2q_2^2+q_2^4 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> with <inline-formula><tex-math id="M16">\begin{document}$ \mu \neq \pm 1/3 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>. We note that any homogeneous polynomial of degree <inline-formula><tex-math id="M17">\begin{document}$ 4 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> after a linear change of variables and a rescaling can be written as one of the previous polynomials. We remark that for the polynomial <inline-formula><tex-math id="M18">\begin{document}$ q_1^4+6\mu q_1^2q_2^2+q_2^4 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> when <inline-formula><tex-math id="M19">\begin{document}$ \mu\in\left\{-5/3, -2/3\right\} $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> we only can prove that it has no a polynomial first integral.</p>