1. Synthesis Research Center of Chinese Ecosystem Research Network, and Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
2. College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China;
3. Department of Biology Sciences, Centre for Forest Research, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal H3C 3P8, Canada;
4. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China;
5. Department of Geography and Program in Planning, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 2E8, ON, Canada;
6. International Institute of Earth System Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China;
7. Department of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Science, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
8. Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
9. Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, 73019, USA;
10. Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de I'Environnement, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Gif sur Yvette, 91191, France;
11. Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.