Lysinabacillus fusiformis and Paenibacillus alvei Obtained from the Internal of Nasutitermes Termites Revealed Their Ability as Antagonist of Plant Pathogenic Fungi

Abstract

This study was performed to reveal phenotypic characters and identity of symbiont bacteria of Nasutitermes as well as investigate their potential as antagonist of plant pathogenic fungi. Isolation of the symbiont bacteria was carried out from inside the heads and the bodies of soldier and worker termite which were collected from 3 locations of nests. Identification was performed using phenotypic test and sequence of 16S ribosomal DNA (16S rDNA). Antagonistic capability was investigated in the laboratory against 3 phytopathogenic fungi i.e., <i>Phytophthora capsici</i>, <i>Ganoderma boninense</i>, and <i>Rigidoporus microporus</i>. Totally, 39 bacterial isolates were obtained from inside the heads and the bodies of Nasutitermes. All the isolates showed capability to inhibit growth of <i>P. capsici</i>, however, 34 isolates showed capability to inhibit growth of <i>G. boninense</i> and 32 isolates showed capability to inhibit growth of <i>R. microporus</i>. Two bacterial strains (IK3.1P and 1B1.2P) which showed the highest percentage of inhibition were further identified based on their sequence of 16S rDNA. The result showed that 1K3.1P strain was placed in the group of type strain and reference strains of <i>Lysinibacillus fusiformis</i> meanwhile 1B1.2P strain was grouped within type strain and reference strains <i>Paenibacillus alvei</i>. The result of this study supply valuable information on the role of symbiont bacteria of Nasutitermes, which may support the development of the control method of the three above-mentioned phytopathogenic fungi.