Epidemiological Analysis of Human and Animal Originated Mycobacterium bovis Strains by Spoligotyping and MIRU-VNTR Methods

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the genotypic similarities between human and animal-originated isolates by spoligotyping and 24 loci MIRU-VNTR for molecular epidemiological analysis of M. bovis isolates. In this study, isolates were obtained between 2019-2022 from 58 humans and 50 bovines. All isolates were initially identified with the GenoType MTBC kit and genotyped with spoligotyping and 24 loci MIRU-VNTR methods and their lineage relationships were shown in the dendrogram. When the human and animal-originated isolates were tested by the spoligotyping method, eight different clusters and 29 different genotypes were observed. Among these genotypes, the most common ones were found to be SIT1118/SB0989 (19.23%), SIT482/SB0120 (16.35%), SIT685/SB0288 (12.5%) and they were detected in isolates of both human and animal-originated. SB1593 (12.5%) was detected only in isolates of animal-originated. Other genotypes were found as SIT3529/SB0920, SIT1185/SB0897, SIT3710/SB1595, SIT688/SB0129, SIT3687/SB1625, SB0419, SB2466, SB1231, and SB2510. Nine different clusters and 55 different genotypes were obtained with MIRU-VNTR. ETR-C, QUB2163b, QUB26, and Mtub04 had the most allelic diversity. It was observed that MIRU02, MIRU20, MIRU24, MIRU27, and MIRU39 did not indicate allelic diversity. In conclusion, it was seen that the spoligotyping was easier to implement and evaluate compared to MIRU-VNTR. It was concluded that both tests can be used safely. Similar genotypes in humans and animals indicate the importance of zoonotic transmission of bovine tuberculosis.