Roll-to-Roll Fabrication of Perovskite Solar Cells Using Gravure Printing Technology

Abstract

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are attracting attention as a next-generation thin-film solar cell based on their high efficiency. Technologies to commercialize PSCs for power generation and special purposes have been being developed. Since the PSCs are manufactured using a solution process, the development of a roll-to-roll (R2R) process to mass-produce flexible solar cells at low cost can be a stepping stone for commercialization. In order to manufacture high-quality perovskite solar cells through the R2R process, the perovskite material and charge transport materials must be formed in a roll-based continuous and scalable method. Gravure printing has the advantage of being able to directly form patterns on a substrate. The R2R process has limitations that were not considered in the existing sheet-to-sheet process to fabricate unit cells in terms of process temperature, process time, and environmental management. In this paper, we share the current status of R2R gravure printing process development for perovskite solar cells and discuss issues to be considered and problems to be solved during R2R process design.