Affiliation:
1. Interregional Public Organization Association of Clinical Pharmacologists (Moscow Branch)
Abstract
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2) are a new class of hypoglycemic drugs that were initially approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Currently, 5 drugs in the SGLT-2 class of drugs are approved by the FDA for glycemic control: canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, empagliflozin, ertugliflozin and sotagliflozin. However, their effectiveness in reducing the risk of heart failure and progression of chronic kidney disease was soon established, regardless of diabetes status. In addition, according to a number of meta-analyses of RCTs in patients with cardiometabolic and renal diseases, the use of SGLT-2 reduces cardiovascular and overall mortality and the number of serious adverse cardiac events and renal outcomes in patients with or without diabetes, which is reflected in the indications to their use. Scientific data are presented in a discussion of the mechanisms of cardioprotective and renoprotective effects of the SGLT-2 class, many of which are considered as pleiotropic effects not related to the effect on glycemic levels.