Clinical features of arterial hypertension in men and women (according to the National Registry of Arterial Hypertension)

Abstract

Modern clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of arterial hypertension (AH) do not provide different treatment strategies separately for men and women. The analysis of gender differences in cardiovascular complications and features of AH therapy contributes to the development of an individualized approach to diagnosis and treatment of hypertension. The purpose of this study is to study the effect of sex on the features of therapy of arterial hypertension and the development of cardiovascular complications. Materials and methods. Data from the register of AH from outpatient hospital and cardiology departments of hospitals of 22 regions of the Russian Federation were analyzed. Data of medical documents of 33 564 patients with AH [(36.2%) men and 21 423 (63.8%) women] were entered into the on-line computer program and were analyzed using the statistical software package STATISTICA 10. Results. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are more often diagnosed in men: peripheral artery disease, coronary heart disease, acute coronary syndrome, congestive heart failure, ischemic stroke, dissecting aortic aneurysm. The beginning of development cardiovascular disease in men with elevated blood pressure is already observed at age of 25-44 years, which indicates the need for preventive measures already in adolescence and closer monitoring of treatment at a young age. Conclusion. The study confirmed the role of the male sex as a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease in hypertensive men and women with comparable figures of blood pressure in. Identified gender features must be considered when diagnosing patients with AH.