Affiliation:
1. National Scientific Centre “Institute of Agrarian Economics
2. State Biotechnology University
Abstract
The production of agricultural machinery is one of the main factors in the functioning of the market and a source of material and technical support for agricultural production. The following methods were used in the study: dialectical, monographic, statistical and economic, graphical, index, correlation and regression, etc. The principles of regional location of agricultural machinery enterprises depending on the availability of metallurgical base, energy and human resources are determined. The negative impact of the war on the reduction in the number of active enterprises in the industry is determined, namely, a reduction by 30 units in 2022 compared to 2021. The general tendency of the industry's enterprises to become unprofitable until 2017 (loss of UAH 35.2 million in 2016) was identified. Thanks to a program of partial compensation for the cost of equipment, the industry has become profitable since 2017 (UAH 849.3 million in profit in 2021). The tendency to reduce the production of tractors, combines, and plows is identified, and the reasons for this tendency, including the loss of markets in the CIS countries, are indicated. The prospects for the production of sowing equipment are determined. The index of revealed comparative advantages of different countries for certain types of equipment is analyzed; in Ukraine, only tillage equipment has a high level of advantages – 1.802. The correlation and regression relationship between the production and export of tractors from 2010 to 2021 is quite high r = 0.8982 and R2 = 0.8069, respectively. The problems that hinder the development of the agricultural machinery industry are identified: inflation, disruption of logistics links and loss of suppliers, high energy prices, etc. The author proposes strategic directions for the development of agricultural machinery in Ukraine: creation of favorable investment conditions; implementation of protectionist customs and tax policies for enterprises in the industry; evacuation of enterprises from the combat zone. The proposed measures will contribute to the preservation and restoration of the Ukrainian agricultural machinery industry.
Publisher
West Ukrainian National University
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