METHODICAL SUPPORT OF ANALYSIS OF ELECTRONIC MONEY SETTLEMENTS

Abstract

There is a tendency for the popularity of electronic money in general and their special type – cryptocurrencies. Their advantages in terms of speed and cheapness of transactions are obvious. However, adaptations also need methodological support for their analysis. The aim is to investigate the methodological support for financial and economic analysis of money settlements that can be used for electronic money, to analyse possible adjustments that need to be made to existing methodologies to account for the peculiarities of this type of money. Electronic money is not only electronic money of so-called monetary financial institutions licensed by the National Banks (MFI electronic money), but also virtual currencies. In general, electronic methods are suitable for universal methods of financial and economic analysis: horizontal analysis, vertical analysis, comparative analysis and factor analysis. The coefficient analysis can be used provided the standard coefficients are adapted to analyse the cash flow to the peculiarities of economic money. Thus, it is desirable to use the downward weighting ratio of current financial investments, which are electronic money, in the indicators of cash flow solvency (liquidity). This ratio should take into account the existing risks of owning such assets. The following features of virtual currencies are highlighted, which should be taken into account by the developed method of analysis: volatility, high risk of loss of ownership, ability to hold as an investment asset. Taking into account these peculiarities, the following economic and statistical methods and methods of mathematical modelling for electronic money are proposed and substantiated: coefficient of variation, integral risk model, Markowitz model for optimization of investment portfolio based on Sharpe coefficient. The proposed approaches to the economic analysis of electronic money settlements will allow to estimate reliably the financial condition of the enterprises possessing electronic money, to provide management of relevant information for making management decisions on the use of electronic money, including virtual currencies, to assess the investment attractiveness of asset placement in the form of asset and financial assets. assess the existing risks of owning them.