Effects of digestate solid fraction fertilisation on yield and soil carbon dioxide emission in a horticulture succession

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the agronomical and environmental effects of digestate solid fraction (DSF) used as fertilizer in a vegetable crop succession (green bean, savoy cabbage, cabbage and cauliflower) in North-East Italy (45°20’ N; 11°57’ E). Three fertilization treatments were tested using DSF to substitute 0% (Tmin), 50% (T50) and 100% (T100) optimal level of mineral nitrogen fertilization. The experiment was carried out from 22^nd May 2014 (green bean sowing) to 3^rd June 2015 (cabbage harvest). Summer and spring crops did not show significantly different marketable yield among fertilization treatments with an average value (±SE) of 9.0 ± 0.5, 9.9 ± 1.2 and 51.3 ± 6.4 Mg ha^-1 for green bean, cauliflower and cabbage, respectively. Lower DSF fertilization effect was monitored on winter crop (savoy cabbage) with a marketable yield reduction of -35.1% than mineral fertilization (25.9 Mg ha^–1) whereas the T50 treatment was not significantly different compared to the two previous ones. Crop species significantly influenced the N use efficiencies with negative recovery and use efficiency indexes for the DSF fertilization treatments. Soil CO2 emissions were not significantly influenced by fertilization in all studied crops with median values always lower than 1 g m^-2 h^-1.