Seborrheic keratosis evolution into squamous cell carcinoma: A truly modified sun-related tumor? A case report and review of the literature

Abstract

The incidence of seborrheic keratosis (SK) generally increases with age and are mostly localized on the trunk, face and neck, especially on sun-exposed areas. The association between SK and skin malignancies appears to be accidental, but in situ transformation occurs more frequently in sun-exposed areas. Histopathological examination of all SK cases should be considered, especially when SK lesions exhibit atypical clinical manifestations, such as ulceration and cresting, as they may herald malignant transformation. In addition, other features associated with malignant transformation include excoriations or hemorrhages identified on the lesion, modification and evolution of the macroscopic characteristics, and the presence of local erythema or pruritus. Immunocompromised patients exhibit an increased risk of malignant transformation, even when radiation is involved.