Study on the Quality of Life among Cancer Survivors Attending a Tertiary Care Cancer Center in Malaysia

Abstract

Background Cancer is a major public health problem across the globe. According to the Malaysian National Cancer Registry Report (MNCR), between 2007 and 2011, there has been a greater increase in the number of reported cancer cases among females (99.3 per 100,000 people) than males (86.9 cases per 100,000 people). Nearly 15 million new cancer cases were projected by 2020. We conducted this study to assess the quality of life (QoL) among cancer patients. Design and Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the oncology department of Malaysian hospitals from October to November 2019. The study population comprised Malaysians in the age range of18 to 100 years diagnosed with cancer, irrespective of their treatment status, cancer type and prognosis. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was used in seventy cancer patients' using a convenient sampling method. Data were collected using a questionnaire survey after obtaining permission from the hospital administrators. Data were entered in MS Excel and analysis was done using the SPSS-version 23. Participants' socio-demographic characteristics were described using descriptive statistics. Results are presented using graphs, tables, mean, percentages, standard deviation, frequency, and significance. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was performed to find out the association between socio-demographic variables and overall QoL scores of the patients. Results Of the seventycancer patients, 29 (41.43%) were males and 41 (58.57%) were females. The most affected socio-demographic factors were marital status and occupation (employment). It was found that there were 55 (78.57%) married patients and 49 (70%) employed patients. QoL of most of the patients was influenced by the education level and treatment. It was found that 35 (50%) of them had low QoL scores. It was observed that QoL among the study participants was significantly (p<0.05) associated with their level of education and the level of treatment. Conclusions There is a need to develop measures for community education, involvement of family physicians for the treatment of cancer and to increase awareness to improve the QoL among cancer patients. The focus should be on the development of strategies empowering patients to seek treatment and gain control over their illness with the collaboration with primary care physicians.