The Quality of Everyday Eye Contact in Williams Syndrome: Insights From Cross-Syndrome Comparisons-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

The Quality of Everyday Eye Contact in Williams Syndrome: Insights From Cross-Syndrome Comparisons

Published:2022-06-27 Issue:4 Volume:127 Page:293-312
ISSN:1944-7558
Container-title:American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
language:en
Short-container-title:

Author:

Ridley Ellen¹,Arnott Bronia²,Riby Deborah M.³,Burt D. Michael⁴,Hanley Mary⁵,Leekam Susan R.⁶

Affiliation:

1. Ellen Ridley, Centre for Neurodiversity & Development, Durham University, and Department of Psychology, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK

2. Bronia Arnott, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK

3. Deborah M. Riby, Centre for Neurodiversity & Development, Durham University, and Department of Psychology, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK

4. D. Michael Burt, Department of Psychology, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK

5. Mary Hanley, Centre for Neurodiversity & Development, Durham University, and Department of Psychology, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK

6. Susan R. Leekam, Cardiff University Centre for Developmental Science, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff, Wales, CF10 3AT, UK

Abstract

Abstract Past research shows that individuals with Williams syndrome (WS) have heightened and prolonged eye contact. Using parent report measures, we examined not only the presence of eye contact but also its qualitative features. Study 1 included individuals with WS (n = 22, ages 6.0–36.3). Study 2 included children with different neurodevelopmental (ND) conditions (WS, autism spectrum condition, fragile X syndrome, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder) and children with neurotypical development (NT; n = 262, ages 4.0–17.11). Unusual eye contact features, including staring, were found in approximately half of the WS samples. However, other features such as brief glances were frequently found in WS and in all ND conditions, but not NT. Future research in ND conditions should focus on qualitative as well as quantitative features of eye contact.

Publisher

American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (AAIDD)

Subject

Psychiatry and Mental health,Neurology (clinical),Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous),Developmental and Educational Psychology,Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology,General Medicine,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health

Link

https://meridian.allenpress.com/ajidd/article-pdf/127/4/293/3078942/i1944-7558-127-4-293.pdf

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