Direct Support Professionals: Diversity, Disparities, and Deepening Crisis

Author:

Laws Carol Britton1,Hewitt Amy1,Boamah Daniel A.1,Hiersteiner Dorothy1,Kramme Julie E. D.1,Reagan Jack1

Affiliation:

1. Carol Britton Laws, University of Georgia; Amy Hewitt, University of Minnesota; Daniel A. Boamah, Western Kentucky University; Dorothy Hiersteiner, Human Services Research Institute; and Julie E. D. Kramm and Jack Reagan, University of Minnesota

Abstract

Abstract In the United States, direct support professionals (DSPs) support people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) so they can live in the community. Thirty years of deinstitutionalization and the development of community living options would not have been possible without DSPs. Although life for people with IDD improved greatly, working conditions, wages/benefits, demands, stress/burnout, and trauma experienced by DSPs have worsened. Turnover and vacancy rates threaten the availability of community supports for too many people with IDD. DSPs from diverse racial, ethnic, linguistic, and cultural backgrounds face significant workplace disparities. These issues were discussed during the Research and Training Center on Community Living’s 2022 State of the Science Conference. We propose important research questions needing solutions to continue constructively addressing these critical issues.

Publisher

American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (AAIDD)

Reference37 articles.

1. American Network of Community Options and Resources . (2021). The state of America’s direct support workforce 2021. https://www.ancor.org/sites/default/files/the_state_of_americas_direct_support_workforce_crisis_2021.pdf

2. Bershadsky, J. (2021). Policy research brief: The direct support workforce and COVID-19: Low wages and racial disparities. Institute on Community Integration. https://ici.umn.edu/products/PXG03jN_SaGZmBJb6rGvTw

3. Bershadsky, J., Hewitt, A., Bradley, V., Bonardi, A., Vegas, L., & Sowers,M. (2022). Community supports in crisis: No staff, no services. University of Minnesota, Institute on Community Integration. https://ici.umn.edu/products/PERjPdfZQgGW_TqyOH_Utg

4. Betts, B. (2022). Direct care workers count: Why data matters to advance workforce equity [Policy Brief]. The Center for Advancing Racial Equity and Job Quality in Long Term Care. https://centerforltcequity.org/policy-briefs/

5. Boamah, D. (2020). Risks of indirect trauma among direct support professionals who work with adults with intellectual/developmental disabilities: Impact on organizational, staff and client outcomes [Doctoral Dissertation, University of Louisville]. Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 3385. https://doi.org/10.18297/etd/3385

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