Author:
Alipour Javad,Safavizade Amir Mohammad,Hashemian Mahmood
Abstract
It is not clear whether bilingualism leads to task switching benefits in single-language nonimmigration contexts, as in dual-language and code-switching immigration contexts. Ninety young Persian-speaking monolingual and bilingual adults reported their language proficiency and use, with the early bilinguals indicating a balanced rating for their L1 and L2, and late bilinguals reporting slightly higher ratings for L1, relative to L2. Concerning the onset age of bilingualism, the bilinguals were classified as early and late bilinguals according to whether they initiated active regular use of the two languages before or after the age of eight. A nonverbal alternating-runs task switching paradigm was used to measure global switch cost (GSC) and local switch cost (LSC). The findings revealed a slight nonsignificant GSC but a significantly lower LSC for early bilinguals, compared to monolinguals, suggesting that bilingualism effects on task switching do not transpire uniformly across different contexts.
Subject
Linguistics and Language,Language and Linguistics
Reference72 articles.
1. Abutalebi, J., Brambati, S., Annoni, J., Moro, A., Cappa, S., & Perani, D. (2007). The neural cost of the auditory perception of language switches: An event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging study in bilinguals. Journal of Neuroscience, 27(50), 13762–13769. https://doi.org/10.1523%2FJNEUROSCI.3294-07.2007
2. Allport, D. A., Styles, E. A., & Hsieh, S. (1994). Shifting attentional set: Exploring the dynamic control of tasks. In C. Umitla, & M. Moscovitch (Eds.), Attention and performance XV: Conscious and unconscious information processing (pp. 421–452). MIT Press. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress%2F1478.003.0025
3. Arrington, C. M., & Logan, G. D. (2004). The cost of a voluntary task switch. Psychological Science, 15(9), 610–615. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0956-7976.2004.00728.x
4. Barac, R., & Bialystok, E. (2012). Bilingual effects on cognitive and linguistic development: role of language, cultural background, and education. Child Development, 83, 413–422. https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1467-8624.2011.01707.x
5. Barac, R., Bialystok, E., Castro, D., & Sanchez, M. (2014). The cognitive development of young dual language learners: A critical review. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 29, 699–714. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2014.02.003