Fight Bite Injuries: Aggressive Tendencies Associated with Smaller Second to Fourth Digit Ratio

Abstract

Background: Fight bite injuries are typically sustained by young, combative males and are the direct consequence of an aggressive act. Second to fourth digit ratios (2D:4D) are dependent on prenatal androgen exposure and lower ratios have been shown to be linked to various psychological and physical traits, including aggression. The aim of this study was to examine the 2D:4D ratios in a cohort of patients with fight bite injuries and compare these to an age and gender-matched control group. Methods: The 2D:4D ratios were calculated using plain films of the hand from 133 patients (122 males, 11 females) with fight bite injuries. A further 133 radiographs were obtained from patients that did not have fight bite injuries and digit ratios were calculated in the same fashion. Statistical analysis was then carried out to compare the 2D:4D ratios between the different groups. Results: The 2D:4D ratios for male fight bite patients was significantly smaller than the male control group (p < 0.05). No significant difference was observed between the female fight bite patients and the female control group (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Fight bite injuries are usually sustained as a result of aggression. 2D:4D ratios are reflect intrauterine androgen exposure and low ratios have been linked to aggressive tendencies. We have demonstrated that male patients who sustained fight bite injuries have a lower 2D:4D ratio then the general population, thereby suggesting that exposure to prenatal androgens can lead to aggressive tendencies in adulthood. This suggests that lower ratios may predict a predisposition to acts of aggression, and as such result in an increased likelihood of sustaining an injury such as a fight bite.