1. Department of Computing, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia
2. Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia
3. College of Agriculture, Al-Muthanna University, Samawah 66001, Iraq
4. College of Administration and Economic, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
5. Department of Computer Science, Computer Science and Mathematics College, Tikrit University, Tikrit 34001, Iraq