Properties of strange quark matter and strange star in a new mass scaling

Abstract

Previous research studies observed that quark mass scalings typically neglect the inclusion of asymptotic freedom. However, we have introduced a Woods–Saxon-like factor to incorporate the effects of asymptotic freedom into our new mass scaling. Our findings indicate that the equation of state and sound velocity for strange quark matter exhibit different behaviors at zero temperature when using this new mass scaling. This suggests the presence of novel properties in the phase transition and structure of strange stars. Additionally, through numerical calculations, we have successfully obtained a strange star with a mass two times that of the Sun, aligning with astronomical observations. In a parameter group considering first-order perturbation effects, characterized by large C and small D, we have made an interesting discovery: the surface density of the strange star can be lower than that of normal nuclear matter. This observation serves as a possible signal of a phase transition from quark matter to nuclear matter.