1. International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University , 468–1 Aoba, Aramaki-Aza, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-0845, Japan
2. Delft University of Technology, Civil Engineering and Geosciences , P.O. Box 5048, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands
3. Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Graduate School of Decision Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology , 2-12-1-W9–66 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
4. Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University , 468–1 Aoba, Aramaki-Aza, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-0845, Japan