Calculation of Stress/Displacement Field of Mechanical Joint Structure Based on Layered Elastic Theory

Abstract

Various types of machinery are not a continuous whole, but are assembled from various parts according to specific requirements. The surfaces that contact each other between different parts are often called mechanical joints. The stress/displacement field of the mechanical joint structure is the basis for predicting the mechanical properties of the assembly, optimizing the structure and the assembly process, and the existence of the mechanical joint surface destroys the continuity of the whole structure, which challenges the traditional calculation based on elastic mechanics. In view of the discontinuity of mechanical joints and the material difference of the parts matched with each other, this paper based on the layered elastic theory (LET), the discontinuity of the mechanical joint surface and the difference of the materials of the joint parts are analyzed. The mechanical joints are described by layers on the basis of the analysis of the discontinuity of typical mechanical joints. The stress and displacement equations are established by combining the surface characteristic parameters, and the established equations are solved by setting the boundary conditions. The calculation model of the stress/displacement field of the joint surface under the normal load is obtained. Finally, the model is used to calculate the experimental setting joint surface’s pressure distribution. In this paper, pressure distribution tests and finite element simulation are carried out on the joints with the same parameters. The results show that the model can accurately obtain the stress/displacement distribution law of the joints. The model can be directly used to calculate the pressure and displacement of the joint and the internal component. This model provides an effective method to analyze the stress and deformation of discontinuous structures, the distribution of pressure interface and the slip of interface. It can be directly used to calculate the joint position and the internal pressure and displacement of components, and the calculation efficiency is high.