Integrately design hybrid lithium-air battery based on the nasicon solid electrolyte and zinc single atoms electrochemical catalysts

Abstract

The instability of lithium metal and insoluble discharging products, [Formula: see text], has been a formidable challenge that hinders the widespread implementation of lithium-air batteries (LABs). Hybrid electrolyte-based LABs have been proposed as one of the most promising strategies to solve these issues. However, the complex device designs together with a suitable solid electrolyte membrane is one of the key parameters that determine the battery run. Herein, we present a novel approach featuring a three-phase “organic-solid-aqueous” hybrid electrolyte for LABs, incorporating a NASICON-based solid electrolyte and zinc single atoms catalysts. It is clarified that [Formula: see text] (LATP) shows much-enhanced stability compared with the pulverization of [Formula: see text] (LAGP) by the reduction of Ge upon the [Formula: see text] transport across. Combined with the bifunction of Zn SAs/CNF catalysts in ORR/OER, the 4[Formula: see text] pathway has been proven to be established as a primary contributor to the battery’s high efficiency, which can well run over 100 h in the ambient air at room temperature. These innovative methodologies and insights hold promise for advancing the practical application of safe LABs and may extend to various air battery technologies.