Waste Utilization Method for δ-MnO2 Anode Composited with MWCNT and Graphene by Embedding on Conductive Paper for Lithium-Ion Battery

Abstract

Lithium-ion batteries have received considerable attention as energy storage tool for modern-life equipments. However, drawbacks like low electric conductivity and volume expansion are the obstacles that hinder its application. To solve these problems, we developed a facile method using waste eggshell as hard template to reduce its particle size and change its morphology by simple hydrothermal process. Then, by utilizing waste paper, conductive paper (CP) current collector with graphene and multiwalled carbon nanotube implanted was prepared and combined with MnO2 anode material. The composite anode shows extraordinary electrochemical performances like much smaller impedance, high reversible capacity of 1767/1762[Formula: see text]mAh/g even after 200 cycles at 100[Formula: see text]mA/g, superior rate performance, etc. Compared with anode using metal current collectors, this composite anode will reduce weight and can be generalized to other high energy storage applications. Our environment-friendly method has far-reaching referential significance to other active materials and battery systems.