Affiliation:
1. Department of Civil Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States of America
Abstract
The objective of this paper is to provide the results from an experimental program to measure global imperfections and dimensional variations in cold-formed steel-lipped channel members. Measurements were conducted at seven different manufacturing plants in the United States. A total of 210 cross sections were measured for global imperfections. Each cross section was measured at three locations, and every 305 mm (12 in.) along the length. The data is used to characterize global bow, camber, and twist. The majority of the data exhibits global imperfections well approximated by a half sine-wave. Further, global bow imperfections are shown to have a systematic bias in the direction of bow. The measured data is compared with manufacturing tolerances (e.g., L/384) and assumed imperfection sizes from column curves (e.g., L/960) as utilized in design practice in the United States. The measured imperfections served as justification for tightening manufacturing tolerances in the United States (e.g., to L/960). Dimensional variation of typical cold-formed steel members is also measured and compared with tolerances. The measured data provides much needed input for nonlinear analysis of cold-formed steel structures.
Publisher
World Scientific Pub Co Pte Lt
Subject
Applied Mathematics,Mechanical Engineering,Ocean Engineering,Aerospace Engineering,Building and Construction,Civil and Structural Engineering
Reference7 articles.
1. T. Galambos, Guide to Stability Design Criteria for Metal Structures, 5th edn. (Wiley, New York, NY, 1998) pp. 815–822.
2. Computational modeling of cold-formed steel: characterizing geometric imperfections and residual stresses
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