Preparing maximally entangled states by monitoring the environment-system interaction

Abstract

A common assumption in an open quantum system is that the noise induced by the environment, due to the interaction between a quantum system and its environment, is responsible for the disappearance of quantum properties. Interestingly, Barreiro et al. [Nature 470 (2011) 486] show, experimentally, using an open-system quantum ion traps simulator, an environment state can be engineered and controlled to pump an arbitrary quantum system toward a maximally entangled state and thus can be considered a resource for quantum information processing. Here, we demonstrate this idea to pump an arbitrary maximally mixed state into Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) state by simulating our quantum circuit using one of the IBM Q processors. Barreiro et al. [Nature 470 (2011) 486] offer the circuits for the execution of the GHZ pumping. Nevertheless, those are collected gates that are suitable to the trapped-ions platform, so their circuits implementation on the IBM Q devices would result in large depth circuits and thus requires many gates. Consequently, we suggest a different circuit structure that follows a similar goal, but has been considered the features of the IBM Q platform. Moreover, we run the simulation of our circuit using the QASM simulator and free-web-based interface, IBM Quantum Experience, with and without error mitigation, to investigate the effect of the noise on the preparation of the initial mixed states of the qubits in addition to the population of the target state of the system.