Experimental Realization of Square/Triangular Wave Generator using Commercially Available ICs

Abstract

This paper deals with the experimental realization of square/triangular wave generator using commercially available ICs. A prototype of extra-X second generation current conveyor and five passive components are used in the experimental setup. The proposed generator provides both square and triangular waveforms simultaneously in voltage-mode. The circuit enjoys the feature of independent controllability of oscillation frequency via grounded resistor/grounded capacitor. A range of oscillation frequency from 3[Formula: see text]Hz to 250[Formula: see text]Hz is easily achieved via variation in one of the grounded resistors for a fixed value of capacitor. Moreover, a range of oscillation frequency from 19.8[Formula: see text]Hz to 19.2[Formula: see text]kHz can be achieved through the variation in grounded capacitor. The experimental results show that the performance of the proposed generator is good at operating frequency as low as at 19.8 Hz and as high as 19.2[Formula: see text]kHz. Therefore, the proposed circuit can operate well from extra-low-frequency range to very-low-frequency range. Furthermore, the maximum nonlinearity of oscillation frequency is found to be 4% only.