Synthesis Approach for Compact VDTA Quadrature Sine-Wave Oscillators with Orthogonal Control

Abstract

From the nodal admittance matrix (NAM) expansion approach and 16 pathological patterns of the voltage differencing transconductance amplifier (VDTA), two different categories, namely sort A and sort B, of the quadrature sine-wave oscillators-employed VDTAs and grounded capacitors in the current mode are synthesized. In all, four quadrature sine-wave oscillators with two sets of quadrature current outputs are attained. Because canonic number is used for component quantity, the oscillators are appropriate to integrated circuit realization and also provide electronic, linear, and orthogonal adjustments between the oscillation criterion and frequency by means of tuning bias currents of the VDTAs. The paper-and-pencil and simulation analyses as well as experimental analysis have been carried out to check the utilized synthesis approach.