A Compact Planar Multi-Resonant Multi-Broadband Fractal Monopole Antenna for Wi-Fi, WLAN, Wi-MAX, Bluetooth, LTE, S, C, and X Band Wireless Communication Systems

Abstract

In this paper, a highly efficient tree-shaped fractal antenna with multi-broadband resonance characteristics is proposed. The proposed antenna exhibits broad operating bandwidth, high gain, and high efficiency characteristics due to the suggested modifications in the antenna geometry. The suggested circular patch is modified by introducing slots in the form of a tree-shaped fractal structure, and the partial ground plane is modified by incorporating a narrow rectangular slot. The proposed antenna is designed on an FR4 substrate of [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]mm3. The prototype of the proposed antenna has been fabricated and tested to justify the simulation results. The measurement results are in good agreement with the simulation that validates the multi-broadband design approach of the proposed fractal antenna. As per the measurement results, the proposed antenna operates at four distinct bands with [Formula: see text]10[Formula: see text]dB impedance bandwidths of 600[Formula: see text]MHz (2.2–2.8) GHz, 1070[Formula: see text]MHz (3.3–4.37) GHz, 2550[Formula: see text]MHz (4.75–7.3) GHz, and 2200[Formula: see text]MHz (9.7–11.9) GHz. Furthermore, a high peak gain of 10.23[Formula: see text]dB and a peak radiation efficiency of 96.65% are recorded for the suggested fractal antenna. The suggested compact bandwidth enhanced multi-band antenna can be useful for several wireless communication systems such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi), wireless local area network (WLAN), Bluetooth, long-term evolution (LTE), C, S and X bands.