Electronically Independent Gain Controllable Integrable Trans-Admittance Mode Universal Filter: An Application for Modern Radio Receiver

Abstract

This paper represents a new integrable trans-admittance mode universal filter employing an active building block, i.e., Voltage Differencing Current Conveyor, and all grounded passive elements. The proposed circuit can easily realize all five, widely used, filter responses, i.e., bandpass, high pass, low pass, all pass and band-reject. The designed circuit configuration provides favorable impedances at the input as well as output ports. Independent tunability of its gain parameter and orthogonal tunability of its quality factor and operating frequency are some of the noteworthy features of the designed circuit. The simulations of the designed filter are verified by 180-nm Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) technology in the SPICE simulation environment. Validation of the proposed design is done by experimental work along with the regular mathematical analysis.