Transceiver Optimization for ToA-Based Localization of Mobile WSN

Abstract

One of the main parameters in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is the design of energy-efficient protocols. And accuracy is another central goal of localization. Since sensor nodes run on battery power, any WSN application and accurate localization needs to be energy-efficient. In this paper, the accuracy of localization is increased by accurate measurement of the distance between the mobile sensors. Limit error in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) has been calculated by CRB method. Virtual MIMO (VMIMO) technique can obtain better localization precision and the localization is energy-efficient. Optimum selection of the number of the transceiver nodes is obtained by the lowest possible energy consumption, the existent localization error, and speed of nodes. Mathematical relation between energy consumption and localization of mobile nodes is presented and then verified by simulation. VMIMO decreases power of transmitters and this in turn will result in decreasing destructive effects of electromagnetic sensitivity (EMS) on body. Furthermore, optimized localization parameters will increase the efficiency of the system and network lifetime.