An Efficient Data Gathering Technique Using Optimal Minimum Coverage Spanning Tree Algorithm in WSN

Abstract

A WSN system incorporates a gateway that provides wireless connectivity back to the wired world and distributed nodes. Many existing schemes were utilized for the purpose of increasing the data gathering capacity of sensor nodes from source to sink node. But the existing schemes suffered from maximum distance problem of reaching the sink node. Hence, to overcome those issues, we propose an energy efficient data gathering technique in WSN. Initially, in this paper, the sensor nodes are clustered using LEACH protocol. After the clustering process, cluster heads (CHs) are selected. These selected CHs in all the clusters are used for transferring the messages to the mobile node for data gathering. Then, optimal data transmission path is selected with the help of Optimal Minimum Covering Spanning Tree (OMST) algorithm. The OMST algorithm enhances data gathering and reduces the duration for reaching the sink node via selection of polling points. For reducing time complexity in MST, an efficient optimization algorithm is used. For an optimization purpose, particle gene swarm (PGS) model is used. From the experimental results, the proposed method achieved better results than the existing method in terms of energy, overhead, delay, delivery ratio, NLT and throughput.