Affiliation:
1. School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, No. 3, Shangyuancun, Haidian District, Beijing 100044, P. R. China
Abstract
Millimeter-wave (mmWave) together with multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO)-enabled beamforming technology offers greater bandwidths than previously available and overcomes the high propagation loss. Nonreciprocal beam patterns, i.e., transceivers using beams with different beamwidths, can not only reduce the hardware cost but also make the beam alignment more efficient. In this paper, we use the propagation-graph (PG) model to fully investigate the channel characterization over nonreciprocal beam patterns at 45 GHz. Specifically, we propose a beam-enabled propagation-graph channel model by considering the spatial filter effect of beams. Moreover, the propagation gain of each path with certain angular information is filtered by the array response. Then, channel dispersions in delay and frequency domains are analyzed over nonreciprocal beam patterns. Simulation results reveal that the downlink in a macrocell scenario covers more important scatterers than those of the uplink, leading to an evident dispersion effect in delay, frequency, and angular domains consequently. Whereas, the uplink, with little or no dispersion effect, can be approximated as a line-of-sight (LoS) scenario with a single propagation path.
Funder
National Key Research and Development Program of China
Publisher
World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd
Subject
Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Hardware and Architecture,Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Hardware and Architecture