A High-Gain Directional 1 × 8 Planar Antenna Array for 2.4GHz RFID Reader Applications

Abstract

This research paper deals with a directional high gain PCB [Formula: see text] antenna array for 2.4[Formula: see text]ISM band utilizations. To achieve this antenna array, a well-matched equal-split 9[Formula: see text]dB-power splitter is designed and integrated with the suggested antenna array. It exhibits a wide operating range of 506[Formula: see text]MHz (2.022–2.528[Formula: see text]GHz) and splits the feed power to 8 equal-in-phase output quantities. Then eight identical patch elements with good reflection coefficient, high gain and excellent radiation efficiency are connected at the eight-output ports of the 1 × 8-power divider in order to obtain an array antenna consisting of eight radiating elements. A quarter-wave impedance adapter is utilized to obtain a perfect matching of impedance between patches and the power divider. The suggested directional antenna resonates at 2.4[Formula: see text]GHz with good impedance matching via offering reflection coefficient [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]dB and voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of 1.16. Moreover, it offers good radiation traits like the enhanced gain of 14.76[Formula: see text]dB, an excellent radiating efficiency equals about 98.86% and a directional radiation pattern. Initially, the proposed planar directional antenna array has been designed and simulated utilizing high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS) EM simulation tool, the results are validated with another simulation tool via computer simulation technology (CST) software. This printed antenna array is a potential candidate to operate at around 2.4[Formula: see text]GHz for RFID reader utilizations due to its outstanding impedance and radiation characteristics.